Pediatric Dentistry
Perinatal and Infant Oral Health
Pregnancy is an exciting time. It is also a crucially important time for the unborn child’s oral and overall health. The “perinatal” period begins approximately 20-28 weeks into the pregnancy, and ends 1-4 weeks after the infant is born. With so much to do to prepare for the new arrival, a dental checkup is often the last thing on an expectant mother’s mind.
Research shows, however, that there are links between maternal periodontal disease (gum disease) and premature babies, babies with low birth weight, maternal preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes. It is of paramount importance therefore, for mothers to maintain excellent oral health throughout the entire pregnancy.
How can I care for my infant’s gums and teeth?
Many parents do not realize that cavity-causing (cariogenic) bacteria can be transmitted from the mother or father to the child. This transmission happens via the sharing of eating utensils and the “cleaning” of pacifiers in the parent’s mouth. Parents should endeavor to use different eating utensils from their infants and to rinse pacifiers with warm water as opposed to sucking them.
Parents should also adhere to the following guidelines to enhance infant oral health:
Brush
Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and a tiny sliver of ADA approved non-fluoridated toothpaste (for children under two), gently brush the teeth twice each day.
Floss
As soon as two adjacent teeth appear in the infant’s mouth, cavities can form between the teeth. Ask the pediatric dentist for advice on the best way to floss the infant’s teeth.
Pacifier use
Pacifiers are a soothing tool for infants. If you decide to purchase a pacifier, choose an orthodontically correct model (you can ask the pediatric dentist for recommendations). Be sure not to dip pacifiers in honey or any other sweet liquid.
Use drinking glasses
Baby bottles and sippy cups are largely responsible for infant and toddler tooth decay. Both permit a small amount of liquid to repeatedly enter the mouth. Consequently, sugary liquid (milk, soda, juice, formula, breast milk or sweetened water) is constantly swilling around in the infant’s mouth, fostering bacterial growth and expediting tooth decay. Only offer water in sippy cups, and discontinue their use after the infant’s first birthday.
Visit the pediatric dentist
Around the age of one, the infant should visit a pediatric dentist for a “well baby” appointment. The pediatric dentist will examine tooth and jaw development, and provide strategies for future oral care.
Wipe gums
The infant is at risk for early cavities as soon as the first tooth emerges. For young infants, wipe the gums with a damp cloth after every feeding. This reduces oral bacteria and minimizes the risk of early cavities.
